在道路施工的 “戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)” 上，水泥撒布車如同精準(zhǔn)的 “材料輸送兵”，而其料倉(cāng)內(nèi)的物料存量監(jiān)測(cè)，則是保障施工順利進(jìn)行的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。如何讓施工人員隨時(shí)掌握料倉(cāng)內(nèi)水泥的 “儲(chǔ)備情況”，避免因物料不足中斷施工，或因過量?jī)?chǔ)備造成浪費(fèi)？一套科學(xué)有效的存量監(jiān)測(cè)方案，能讓料倉(cāng)化身 “一目了然的智慧管家”。

　　On the battlefield of road construction, cement spreading vehicles are like precise "material conveyors", and monitoring the inventory of materials in their silos is a key link to ensure the smooth progress of construction. How to keep construction personnel informed of the "reserve situation" of cement in the silo at all times, to avoid interruption of construction due to insufficient materials or waste caused by excessive reserves? A scientifically effective inventory monitoring plan can turn the silo into a "smart manager at a glance".

　　傳統(tǒng)依靠人工觀察判斷料倉(cāng)物料存量的方式，不僅效率低，還容易出現(xiàn)誤差。如今，借助的稱重傳感器技術(shù)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)料倉(cāng)物料存量的精準(zhǔn)監(jiān)測(cè)。在水泥撒布車料倉(cāng)的底部或支撐結(jié)構(gòu)處，安裝高精度的稱重傳感器，這些傳感器就像料倉(cāng)的 “敏感神經(jīng)”，能實(shí)時(shí)感知料倉(cāng)內(nèi)物料重量的變化。當(dāng)水泥被不斷輸送進(jìn)倉(cāng)，重量增加，傳感器將重量信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)化為電信號(hào)，傳輸給車載控制系統(tǒng)；隨著施工過程中水泥的撒布，重量減輕，系統(tǒng)也能及時(shí)獲取數(shù)據(jù)。通過與初始設(shè)定的滿載重量進(jìn)行對(duì)比計(jì)算，就能精確得出當(dāng)前料倉(cāng)內(nèi)剩余物料的存量，誤差范圍極小，為施工人員提供準(zhǔn)確的物料信息。

　　The traditional method of relying on manual observation to determine the inventory of materials in the silo is not only inefficient, but also prone to errors. Nowadays, with the help of advanced weighing sensor technology, precise monitoring of material inventory in silos can be achieved. Install high-precision weighing sensors at the bottom or support structure of the cement spreading truck silo, which act as the "sensitive nerves" of the silo and can sense real-time changes in the weight of materials inside the silo. When cement is continuously transported into the warehouse and its weight increases, the sensor converts the weight signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the onboard control system; With the spreading of cement during the construction process, the weight is reduced, and the system can also obtain data in a timely manner. By comparing and calculating with the initially set full load weight, the current inventory of remaining materials in the silo can be accurately determined with minimal error range, providing accurate material information for construction personnel.

　　除了稱重傳感器，料位傳感器也在水泥撒布車料倉(cāng)物料存量監(jiān)測(cè)中發(fā)揮著重要作用。常見的料位傳感器有超聲波式和雷達(dá)式。超聲波料位傳感器安裝在料倉(cāng)頂部，它通過向料倉(cāng)內(nèi)發(fā)射超聲波，當(dāng)超聲波遇到物料表面時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生反射，傳感器接收反射回來的信號(hào)，根據(jù)發(fā)射與接收的時(shí)間差，結(jié)合聲波在空氣中的傳播速度，就能計(jì)算出物料表面到傳感器的距離，進(jìn)而推算出當(dāng)前料位高度，判斷物料存量。雷達(dá)式料位傳感器的工作原理與之類似，但它利用的是電磁波，相比超聲波傳感器，雷達(dá)式傳感器受環(huán)境因素（如溫度、濕度、粉塵等）的影響更小，在水泥撒布車料倉(cāng)這種粉塵較大、工況復(fù)雜的環(huán)境中，能更穩(wěn)定地工作，準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量料位，為物料存量監(jiān)測(cè)提供可靠數(shù)據(jù)。

　　In addition to weighing sensors, level sensors also play an important role in monitoring the inventory of materials in cement spreading truck silos. Common level sensors include ultrasonic and radar sensors. The ultrasonic level sensor is installed at the top of the silo, which emits ultrasonic waves into the silo. When the ultrasonic waves encounter the surface of the material, they will be reflected. The sensor receives the reflected signal, and based on the time difference between transmission and reception, combined with the propagation speed of the sound waves in the air, the distance from the material surface to the sensor can be calculated, and the current level height can be calculated to determine the material inventory. The working principle of radar level sensors is similar, but they use electromagnetic waves. Compared to ultrasonic sensors, radar level sensors are less affected by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, dust, etc. In environments with large dust and complex working conditions such as cement spreading truck silos, they can work more stably, accurately measure the level of materials, and provide reliable data for material inventory monitoring.

　　為了讓施工人員更直觀便捷地獲取料倉(cāng)物料存量信息，還需要一套完善的顯示與報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。在駕駛室內(nèi)，安裝專用的顯示屏，與稱重傳感器、料位傳感器相連，將實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)到的物料重量、料位高度等數(shù)據(jù)以數(shù)字、圖表等形式清晰展示。施工人員無需下車，在駕駛過程中就能隨時(shí)查看料倉(cāng)存量情況。同時(shí)，系統(tǒng)還可設(shè)置預(yù)警閾值，當(dāng)物料存量低于設(shè)定的下限值時(shí)，顯示屏?xí)W爍警示燈光，并發(fā)出蜂鳴報(bào)警聲，提醒施工人員及時(shí)補(bǔ)充物料，避免因物料耗盡導(dǎo)致施工中斷；而當(dāng)物料存量接近滿載上限時(shí)，同樣會(huì)觸發(fā)預(yù)警，防止因過度裝載造成隱患或物料溢出浪費(fèi)。

　　In order to provide construction personnel with more intuitive and convenient access to the inventory information of materials in the material warehouse, a comprehensive display and alarm system is also needed. Install a dedicated display screen in the cab, connected to the weighing sensor and level sensor, to clearly display real-time monitoring data such as material weight and level height in the form of numbers, charts, etc. Construction personnel do not need to get off the car and can check the inventory status of the silo at any time while driving. At the same time, the system can also set warning thresholds. When the material inventory is below the set lower limit, the display screen will flash warning lights and emit a buzzing alarm sound to remind construction personnel to replenish materials in a timely manner and avoid construction interruptions caused by material depletion; When the material inventory approaches the full load limit, a warning will also be triggered to prevent safety hazards or material overflow waste caused by overloading.

　　此外，將物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)應(yīng)用于水泥撒布車料倉(cāng)物料存量監(jiān)測(cè)，能進(jìn)一步提升管理效率。通過車載終端，將料倉(cāng)存量數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)上傳云端管理平臺(tái)，施工管理人員在辦公室或遠(yuǎn)程，借助電腦、手機(jī)等設(shè)備，就能查看多臺(tái)水泥撒布車的物料存量情況，合理安排物料運(yùn)輸與調(diào)配計(jì)劃。例如，當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)某臺(tái)撒布車物料即將耗盡，而附近有其他車輛物料充足時(shí)，可及時(shí)調(diào)度，實(shí)現(xiàn)物料的合理共享，優(yōu)化施工資源配置，提高整體施工進(jìn)度。

　　In addition, applying IoT technology to the monitoring of material inventory in cement spreading vehicle silos can further improve management efficiency. Through the vehicle terminal, the inventory data of the silo is uploaded in real time to the cloud management platform. Construction management personnel can view the material inventory of multiple cement spreading trucks in the office or remotely with the help of computers, mobile phones, and other devices, and arrange material transportation and allocation plans reasonably. For example, when a scattering vehicle is found to be running out of materials and there are other vehicles nearby with sufficient materials, timely scheduling can be carried out to achieve reasonable material sharing, optimize construction resource allocation, and improve overall construction progress.

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